Develop norms and standards around training for court personnel . It is imperative that training standards and norms around the DVA should be clearly established by the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development. These should include stipulating the basic level of knowledge that magistrates, prosecutors and clerks should demonstrate before being permitted to deal with domestic violence. This training framework should also indicate the basic content of the training, as well as the minimum competence required of those who provide the training. Training should be ongoing, with follow-up courses building on previous training. . In the case of the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development, this training framework should be included in the revised regulations. . The department should assess the efficacy of training regularly and adapt the training programme where necessary.