Mr Samson Mokoena, presenting on behalf of the Vaal Environmental Justice Alliance, stated that the National Environmental Management: Air Quality Act of 2004 (Act No 39 of 2004) had not effectively addressed air pollution in the Vaal Triangle Hotspot, stressing that government interventions were not working. He lamented the non-existence of air quality management plans at the Local Government level. He stated that industries had their own air quality management plans, but that they did not see those plans and could not know whether those plans were being implemented and monitored, or not.