In view of Africa being regarded as contributing about 1% of global knowledge, which further marginalises the continent as a producer of knowledge, what are the (a) relevant details of any improved measures that his department has actioned and/or implemented to ensure that the Republic’s universities and students contribute to the production of global knowledge to close the gap and (b) strides that his department has made thus far to ensure that higher education institutions around the Republic are keeping up to world standards in light of the Fourth Industrial Revolution?