He said that the first question was whether South Africa had an upstream and midstream industry, and his answer to this was that there was no direct industry, but one based on passing trade of rigs and ships, and a number of engineering and other firms based in South Africa provides services and products into East and West African countries. The local upstream work is limited largely to Mossgas and the mid-stream work to PetroSA's new work and, since the current refineries was built long ago, to maintenance of those refineries.