5. Insertion of new section 7A: The purpose of the coastal public property Public comments revealed that whilst the purpose of the coastal protection zone is fully covered in section 17 of the Act, there is no similar clause in respect of coastal public property. A new section is therefore proposed. 6. Insertion of new section 7B: Reclamation for purposes of state infrastructure Section 27(6) of the Act briefly addresses reclamation. The section was inserted late during the parliamentary process to address ad hoc concerns that arose when the Portfolio Committee was considering the Act. It was inappropriately placed and the current provision in section 27(6) is inadequate. The Amendment Bill proposes an insertion of two new comprehensive clauses in a more appropriate place in the Act. In addition, a definition for "reclamation" was inserted under clause 1.This clause deals with the process to be followed in respect of reclamation for state infrastructure purposes. 7. Insertion of new section 7C: Reclamation for purposes other than for state infrastructure This clause sets out the process for all reclamation other than for state infrastructures purposes. The main difference in the process is that these types of reclamation can only be approved by the Minister with the pre-approval ratification of Parliament and once reclaimed, such land becomes coastal public property which is subject to a lease with the Minister. 8. Amendment to section 8: Consequential amendment This proposed amendment is a consequential amendment to the insertion of section 6A - the purpose of coastal public property. 9. Deletion of section 10 relating to the designation of state land for certain purposes This clause contains very similar provisions to section 8 of the Act and appears to achieve the same purpose and was creating confusion. It is, therefore, being deleted as the provisions in section 8 can achieve the same objectives. 10. Amendment of section 13: Access fees to coastal public property Section 13 of the Act currently obliges a person to obtain the approval of the Minister before charging access fees to coastal public property. The current provisions result in multiple individual applications being made to the Minister for permission to charge any access fees to coastal public property. Fee payers would include municipalities, boat-clubs, events organisers, etc. This would result in hundreds of applications which need to be responded to and delays in processing such applications may negatively impact on municipal revenue. To streamline the process and standardise access fees, it is proposed that the Minister publish a maximum fee and anyone who wishes to charge a higher fee would only then have to apply to the Minister, justifying the need. In addition, it is made clear that access fees are not to be confused with the costs of tickets for commercial activities that take place on or in coastal public property, e.g. a trip to seal island or a beach volley ball event. The term "access fee" has therefore been defined. In addition, an offence has been created in relation to blocking public access to coastal public property. 11. Amendment of section 14: High-water mark After the stakeholder engagement on the high water mark, it became apparent, particularly from the Surveyor-General, that the substitution of the high water-mark for a straight line boundary was no longer necessary as those properties that were bounded by the high- water mark would gain or lose land depending on the natural movement of the high-water mark. Allowing a property owner to determine a fixed line could potentially create unfair land grabs of coastal public property which would impact on the public's access to the beach. The relevant sections have therefore been deleted and the remaining sections clarify the consequences of the high-water mark moving inland. 12. Amendment of section 15: Erosion and accretion This proposed amendment to section 15 of the Act is intended to align it with National Environmental Management Act and other specific environmental Acts. 13. Amendment of section 16: Composition of the coastal protection zone The proposed amendments to section 16 of the Act address textual corrections and a technical change to increase the surface area of flood prone areas as a consequence of climate change. Public comments pointed out that relevant parts of rivers were not part of the coastal protection zone and this is corrected through the proposed amendment to section 16(1)(f).The proposed amendment to section 16(1)(i) is intended to refer to flooding only from the sea and not from storms upstream from rivers. It is therefore limited to areas adjacent to the other categories of the coastal protection zone. If not, it could potentially cover areas of land that are nowhere near the sea. In addition, the 1:100 year flood line is more appropriate in light of climate change.