c) Procurement and contract management: Employees of the Department performed remunerative work outside their employment in the department without written permission from the relevant authority as required by section 30 of the Public Service Act (No 103 of 1994). d) Sufficient appropriate audit evidence could not be obtained that goods and services of a transaction value above R500 000 were procured by means of inviting competitive bids and that deviations were only approved by the Accounting Officer if it was impractical to invite competitive bids, as required by the National Treasury Regulations 16A6.1 and 16A.6.4.