4.1 Investigations and civil cases In September 2010, two of the syndicates were arrested for the illegal sale of land in the aforementioned areas and the third suspect was arrested in June 2011. In April 2011, all complaints of the illegal sale of land were referred to the provincial Hawks and the Housing Task Team and 10 more cases of fraud were opened. One of the accused in the five cases that were on trial was an employee of the City of Johannesburg Municipality.