5.1.3 Governance and Compliance There were governance improvements across the entity, which included the following: . SAA made significant progress towards compliance, in particular Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) compliance. . Legacy tender procedures, where timely contract extensions and signing of contracts by both parties were not in place, resulted in irregular expenditure of R85 million, but none of the individual irregular expenditure items were of amounts that reached the materiality threshold in terms of section 55(2) of the PFMA. The payment of fines and penalties resulted in fruitless and wasteful expenditure of R2 million. . Legacy competition law non-compliance cases were reduced, but some cases were still open. . A manual system for detecting and reporting irregular, fruitless and wasteful expenditure was introduced. . Delegation of Authority and Supply Chain Management Policy was reviewed. . Bid Adjudication Committee (BAC) terms of reference were reviewed and the BAC was reconstituted. . The Legal and Regulatory Universe was updated. . Consumer Protection Act compliance training for all relevant officials was conducted. . Two foreign criminal cases were successfully defended, with prosecution discontinued and one foreign civil claim for damages successfully struck from court proceedings.