Programme 2: Research, Development and Innovation The Research, Development and Innovation Programme provide policy leadership in long term and cross cutting research and innovation in the NSI. This Programme comprises 23 per cent of the Department's total budget and increased from R854.6 million in 2011/12 to R1.16 billion in 2012/13, representing a nominal increase of 35.3 per cent, while in real terms, this allocation increased by 27.8 per cent. The increase to R1.4 billion over the medium term is due to funds received from the economic competitiveness and support package of R44 million in 2012/13, R45 million in 2013/14 and R91 million in 2014/15 for research into satellite development, titanium and nanotechnology. In terms of economic classification, the bulk of the Programme's allocation, R1.10 billion (95 per cent), is used for Transfers and subsidies to departmental agencies (R705.1 million) and Non-profit institutions (R397.1 million). The TIA and SANSA respectively receive R455.2 million and R95.5 million of the allocation for Transfers and subsidies. The SKA receives R218.7 million of the allocation for non-profit institutions.