8.4 In 2009, the former Minister of Public Works, Mr Geoff Doidge, signed a memorandum of agreement with all the Premiers of the nine provinces. The Minister also explained the aims of Phase II of the EPWP. This explanation on the approach of the EPWP II (namely using labour intensive methods to create job opportunities for people in marginalised communities) would be implemented at departmental, district and municipal levels.