It was reported that a list of clinics that were allocated to the Department of Water Affairs (DWA) were all provided with water and sanitation. Some of the challenges reported were that in some cases proper water and sanitation were provided but the province was currently experiencing drought which had lasted longer than a year. As a result of the drought schools were left with no water and eventually the VIP system had to be returned to the schools. The cost per unit in building toilets was approximated to R35000 depending on the proximity of schools to urban areas, with the costs getting higher for schools that are far away from urban areas. The following interventions were made to address some of the challenges of water shortages: