> There has been a significant increase in the concentration of the commercial sector as a result of smaller and less efficient business not being able to take advantage of increasing economies of scale and being forced out of the sector, > Inadequate monitoring and enforcement of compliance in the sustainable use of natural resources, > Profitability has increased, but at slower rates, which is attributed to a concentrated few that has been able to survive the global market and financial challenges, > Transformation in the commercial sector in all three sectors (Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries) remains a challenge: i. Differences in interpretation, and implementation. ii. Transformation is still mainly translated as the number of 'black' individuals in a company. iii. Challenge with transformation not having significant socio- economic impact. > An increase in production in agriculture has mainly been in horticultural crops, with a significant decrease in field crops (source of staple food), which translates into increasing concerns around National Food Security (Household Food Security), > Increasing food prices and anti-competitive behaviour impact on national food security, > Three important proximal factors are the slow progress in terms of increasing production efficiency, poor innovation systems, and the slow rate of opening up new markets and value adding opportunities, > Many of the challenges stem from a lack of implementing programmes and regulations.