5.1 White Paper on Correctional Services It is noted that virtually all commentators have drawn the conclusion that although well-intentioned, the White Paper fell short of the requirements of modern policy making. This is perhaps most evident in the lack of impact it is had since 2005. While it comments widely on overcrowding, the state of DCS infrastructure, institutional culture, corruption, and poor training are some of the major challenges facing the correctional system, it is silent on human rights violations and particularly the minimum standards of humane detention, places little importance on compliance with the Correctional Services legislation and does not articulate what would be needed for successful implementation of the policy. Most stakeholders questioned the appropriateness of the White Paper as a vehicle for the transformation, and suggested that in its stead, the DCS should be guided by legislation governing it, including the United Nations "Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners" to which South Africa is a signatory.