The Chief Commissioner of ITAC informed the Committee that the term "dumping" refers to a situation where goods are sold to a foreign market at prices less than the country of origin. According to ITAC, anti-dumping measures are taken against injurious dumped goods. Since dumping is regarded as an unfair trade practices, the World Trade Organisation's (WTO) Anti-dumping Agreement sets out the rules for acting against dumping that causes injury. Countervailing measures are used against subsidized imports that threaten and/or cause injury (i.e. decrease in prices, loss of market share, decrease in profits etc) to the domestic manufacturer. According to ITAC, safeguards are against trade that may be regarded as fair but overwhelms domestic producers. Safeguards are used against an unforeseen surge of imports that threatens and/or causes injury to the domestic producers.